Kingdom Hearts 2 Where Are The Four Medallions

The shale gas, how it works

The use of natural gas has highly prevalent, this energy resource, nonrenewable currently represents 20% of consumption global energy. In France, in 2009, consumption of natural gas accounted for 40 million m3. (Data source: planetoscope ). But the gas consumed in France and Europe is largely imported, particularly from Russia, in this case with a single contact Gazprom. The global resources in 2006 are presented in this article . This is problematic. In 2009, a conflict between Russia and Ukraine had disrupted the flow of gas to Europe for example . Furthermore, this energy source is a fossil fuel, the existing pools will dry up one day or another, and we must now consider alternative sources of supply.

Given this situation, the gas suppliers have sought other fields. In the basement, the natural gas can be found in various forms :

• non-associated gas: gas pockets, in which we can drill to extract (the most simple to operate). This is the most currently exploited.
• associated natural gas: it is dissolved in oil, and extracted at the refinery it
• various forms of gas associated with peat, coal or shale: in these cases the gas is contained in porous materials which must be extracted

Shale gas is contained in this metamorphic rock sludge has accumulated on the ocean floor and have been under severe pressure and temperature during the geological transformations. The shale has a laminated appearance, eg slates are a particular form. Gas was trapped in the stone probably from the beginning (sludge accumulated on the ocean floor). This sludge should contain methane from the decomposition of organic beings. The high pressure concentrated these gases and prevent its escape into the atmosphere.

These shales contain gas then. A paradise for some, hell for others.

The Eldorado is including the fact that this gas is in France, under our feet. Over-dependence vis Russia or Algeria. The map below shows the prospective deposits exploitation in the south of France (source owni ).

Hell is if one takes the point of view where one sees the impact on the environment and health of this extraction. Indeed, the gas being trapped in the rock (more than 2000 meters deep) in multiple micro-pockets, we must break it, drown it in water containing a few additives and pollutants much suck everything. Owni committed this very teaching computer graphics:

So it summarizes:

• a well drilled to 2000 meters, which can penetrate the water table such a
• explosion cracks the shale
• 50 to 70% of the liquid that is not recovered, thousands of gallons of water lost
• probable leakage at the well, causing leaks into rivers or surface
• ...

You tell me, I know you, and I am tempted to say the same thing sometimes, "but stop trying to scare us!".

The problem is that the damage has already occurred. United States and Quebec in particular (there, the corridor of the St. Lawrence been a multitude of permits to drill for extracting these shale gas). And consequences reported by owni subject of a documentary: Gasland Josh Fox debate here is just beginning. Quebec he raged. Look at this excerpt from the Canadian television show in which we asked the president of the oil and gas in Quebec (QOGA), André Caillé, comment Gasland extracts.

Here is a consequence of this extraction filmed shale gas: methane (gas natural) released back into the water pipes. Result: Water Fire (looks like great sachem )!

Eric we moved a petition against the removal of these gases (3 prospecting licenses were issued in March 2010, cf. The map above).

And going further with Nicolas and Nicolas , require 100% renewable energy but well before 2050!

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